Which final battle in 30 BC preceded the deaths of Antony and Cleopatra?

The Battle of Alexandria was the final major battle in 30 BC before Mark Antony and Cleopatra died. It was fought between Octavian’s forces and the defenders of Alexandria, including Antony’s remaining troops and Cleopatra’s forces.

The battle followed the better-known Battle of Actium, the naval victory in 31 BC that broke Antony and Cleopatra’s strategic position. After Actium, Octavian invaded Egypt. Antony initially managed to resist outside Alexandria, but desertions weakened his army and fleet. Octavian’s forces eventually entered the city in early August.

Antony killed himself after receiving a false report that Cleopatra had died. Cleopatra was later captured and, unwilling to be taken to Rome for Octavian’s triumph, also died by suicide. Egypt then ceased to be an independent Ptolemaic kingdom.

The main historical mix-up is with Actium. Actium was the decisive naval battle of 31 BC; Alexandria was the final campaign and battle in Egypt immediately preceding the deaths of Antony and Cleopatra.