Cristóbal Balenciaga became known as the “Master of Us All” for his sculptural clothing and Spanish craftsmanship.
Balenciaga was born in Getaria, Spain, in 1895 and opened his first major fashion house in San Sebastián before establishing himself in Paris. His designs were admired for precise construction, architectural volume, and a close understanding of fabric. Unlike many designers who began with a sketch, Balenciaga was famous for shaping garments directly on a mannequin.
Christian Dior reportedly called him “the master of us all,” a quotation that reflects Balenciaga’s influence among mid-century couturiers. His notable silhouettes included the sack dress, balloon jacket, and cocoon coat.
The original house closed its couture operations after Balenciaga retired in 1968. The modern Balenciaga label is a separate later chapter, despite sharing his name and legacy.