Which falcon is the fastest animal in the world when diving?

The peregrine falcon is the fastest animal in the world when diving.

During a hunting stoop, a peregrine folds its wings close to its body and drops at extraordinary speed. Measured dives have exceeded 300 kilometres per hour, although exact figures vary with the bird, altitude, wind, and measuring method. It uses this speed to strike airborne prey, especially other birds.

Peregrines occur on every continent except Antarctica, making them one of the world’s most widely distributed birds. Their scientific name, Falco peregrinus, means “wandering falcon,” reflecting their broad range and migratory habits in some populations.

The species suffered severe declines in the twentieth century because pesticides such as DDT reduced eggshell strength. Restrictions on DDT, captive breeding, and reintroduction projects helped many populations recover. The dive record belongs to the peregrine, while level-flight speed records are measured differently and should not be confused with its stoop.