Which European stock exchange suffered a crash on May 9, 1873, known as Black Friday?

The Vienna Stock Exchange suffered the crash of May 9, 1873, known as Black Friday.

The collapse followed a speculative boom in Austria-Hungary, especially in railway and property shares. When confidence broke, prices fell sharply and panic selling spread through Vienna's financial system. The event is often treated as the opening shock of the Panic of 1873.

The panic did not remain confined to Austria. Financial distress spread to Germany and the United States, where the failure of the investment bank Jay Cooke & Company contributed to the suspension of the New York Stock Exchange in September 1873. The resulting depression lasted for several years.

Black Friday in 1873 should not be confused with later market events using the same label. It is also distinct from the 1929 Wall Street crash and the 1987 Black Monday crash, which occurred in different markets and periods.