Which European country is bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany?

Luxembourg is the European country bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany.

The landlocked Grand Duchy lies between Belgium to the west and north, Germany to the east, and France to the south and southwest. Its location places it in the Low Countries and at the meeting point of Germanic and Romance cultural influences. Luxembourg’s capital, Luxembourg City, is in the southern part of the country and serves as one of the European Union’s institutional seats.

The country’s modern borders were largely established in the 19th century. The 1839 Treaty of London separated Luxembourg from the Netherlands and transferred its largely French-speaking western section to Belgium. The remaining territory developed into the modern Grand Duchy. Luxembourg later became closely tied to its neighbors through the Benelux union, European integration, and cross-border trade.

A frequent confusion is with the Netherlands, because Luxembourg shares Low Countries history and is part of the Benelux grouping. However, Luxembourg has no border with the Netherlands. It is also much smaller than its neighbors, covering roughly 2,586 square kilometers, and its eastern boundary is partly formed by the Moselle, Sauer, and Our rivers.