Which dolphin species is the smallest in the world?

Hector’s dolphin is the smallest dolphin species in the world. Adult animals are generally about 1.2 to 1.4 meters long and weigh roughly 40 to 60 kilograms, giving them a compact, stocky appearance compared with better-known bottlenose dolphins.

The species, Cephalorhynchus hectori, is endemic to New Zealand and is usually found in shallow coastal waters. It is recognizable by its rounded dorsal fin, unusual among dolphins, and by its distinctive black, gray, and white markings. Unlike many dolphins, it has no prominent elongated beak.

Hector’s dolphin has two recognized subspecies. The South Island form is more numerous, while the Māui dolphin inhabits the west coast of New Zealand’s North Island and is critically endangered. Because Māui dolphins are a subspecies rather than a separate species, the species-level answer remains Hector’s dolphin.

Gillnet and trawl bycatch are major threats. Conservation measures include protected areas and restrictions on fishing methods in parts of the species’ range.