Which country is known as the "Hashemite Kingdom"?

The country known as the “Hashemite Kingdom” is Jordan, whose full official name is the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.

The name refers to the Hashemite royal family, which claims descent from Hashim, an ancestor of the Prophet Muhammad and an important figure in the Quraysh lineage. The dynasty became prominent during the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire in World War I and established rule in Transjordan under Emir Abdullah.

On 25 May 1946, Transjordan became independent and was proclaimed a kingdom. Its name was later shortened from the Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan to the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in 1949, following Jordanian control of territory west of the Jordan River. Amman is the capital, and the Jordan River helps explain the country’s name.

A common mix-up is confusing Jordan with Iraq, which was also ruled by a Hashemite monarchy for part of the 20th century. Jordan is the surviving modern state whose official name contains “Hashemite Kingdom.”