Brazil has been the world’s largest coffee producer for more than a century.
Coffee became a major Brazilian export during the nineteenth century, especially in the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais. Brazil’s large land area, suitable climate, established farming infrastructure, and extensive plantations helped it develop a dominant position in global coffee production.
Brazil grows both arabica and robusta, known locally as conilon. It exports green coffee beans to roasters around the world, while also maintaining a substantial domestic coffee market. Harvest volumes vary with weather, plant cycles, and changes in global prices.
Colombia is strongly associated with high-quality arabica coffee, and Vietnam is a leading producer of robusta. Those countries are important exporters, but neither has displaced Brazil as the leading overall producer in the modern era.