Which country completely surrounds the kingdom of Lesotho?

South Africa completely surrounds the kingdom of Lesotho.

Lesotho is an enclave: every part of its international boundary touches South Africa. The border forms a closed loop of roughly 909 kilometers and crosses or follows rivers, mountain watersheds and highland terrain. Lesotho therefore has no coastline and depends heavily on South Africa for transport links, trade and access to major ports.

The country is unusual not only because it is entirely enclosed by another country, but also because it is exceptionally mountainous. Its lowest point is about 1,400 meters above sea level, making Lesotho the only independent country whose entire territory lies above 1,000 meters. Its highest summit, Thabana Ntlenyana, reaches 3,482 meters.

The enclave's modern borders developed during the nineteenth century, when Basutoland became a British protectorate under Moshoeshoe I and later faced pressure from Boer republics and the Cape Colony. Basutoland became the independent Kingdom of Lesotho in 1966, while remaining geographically surrounded by South Africa.