Which Confucian academy in Jiangxi was restored by Zhu Xi and became a major center of Neo-Confucian learning?

The White Deer Grotto Academy in Jiangxi was restored by Zhu Xi and became a major center of Neo-Confucian learning.

The academy, called Bailudong Shuyuan in Chinese, is located at the foot of Mount Lu in present-day Jiangxi Province. It began as a place associated with the Tang-dynasty scholar Li Bo and was later developed as an academy during the Song dynasty. Its name refers to a white deer traditionally connected with the site.

Zhu Xi, the leading Song Neo-Confucian philosopher, revived the institution in the twelfth century. He organized its buildings, teaching program, and educational regulations, helping establish a model for scholarly academies. The academy became associated with the study of the Confucian classics, moral self-cultivation, and systematic philosophical interpretation.

It is sometimes confused with Yuelu Academy in Hunan or Donglin Academy in Jiangsu. Those institutions were also important centers of Chinese learning, but the White Deer Grotto Academy is the one traditionally linked with Zhu Xi’s restoration at Mount Lu.