Which codex records Aztec rulers, conquests, and tribute lists?

The codex that records Aztec rulers, conquests, and tribute lists is the Codex Mendoza.

Created around 1541, shortly after the Spanish conquest, the Codex Mendoza combines Aztec pictorial writing with Spanish explanations. It was produced for Antonio de Mendoza, the first viceroy of New Spain, partly to document the political organization and tribute system of the former Aztec Empire.

Its first section presents Aztec history, including the reigns of rulers and towns conquered by the Triple Alliance. The second section lists conquered towns and the tribute they owed, such as textiles and other goods. A third section depicts daily life, including childhood, education, occupations, military ranks, and palace activity.

The Codex Mendoza is sometimes confused with the Matrícula de Tributos because the two works are closely related, especially in their tribute material. They are not the same manuscript. Nor should it be confused with the Codex Borbonicus or Codex Borgia, which are primarily ritual and calendrical documents rather than a broad political and social record.