Chiang Kai-shek was named alongside Truman and Churchill as an issuer of the Potsdam Declaration.
The declaration was released on 26 July 1945 by the United States, the United Kingdom, and China. Harry S. Truman represented the United States, Winston Churchill represented the United Kingdom, and Chiang Kai-shek represented the Republic of China.
Chiang was not physically present at the Potsdam Conference in Germany. The declaration was drafted and issued by the governments represented there, while China participated through its wartime alliance and approved the statement remotely. This is why some accounts describe the document as a three-power ultimatum even though only two of its leaders were at Potsdam.
Chiang Kai-shek led the Nationalist government during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The conflict between China and Japan had begun before the wider global war and continued until Japan’s surrender in 1945.