Which cells in the human pancreas produce insulin?

Beta cells in the human pancreas produce insulin.

Beta cells are located mainly in clusters called the islets of Langerhans. When blood glucose rises after a meal, beta cells release insulin, a hormone that helps body cells take up glucose and encourages the liver to store it as glycogen.

Insulin helps keep blood glucose within a useful range. In type 1 diabetes, the immune system destroys most or all insulin-producing beta cells. In type 2 diabetes, cells become resistant to insulin and beta-cell function may decline over time.

Beta cells are often confused with other pancreatic islet cells. Alpha cells produce glucagon, which generally raises blood glucose, while delta cells produce somatostatin.