Which brother of Judas Maccabeus succeeded him as leader of the revolt?

Jonathan Apphus succeeded his brother Judas Maccabeus as leader of the revolt.

Judas died in battle against the Seleucid general Bacchides at Elasa around 160 BC. After his death, the rebel movement needed a new commander while Seleucid forces continued trying to suppress it. Jonathan, the youngest of Mattathias's five sons, was chosen to lead the remaining resistance.

Jonathan initially operated from the wilderness east of the Jordan and gradually strengthened the Maccabean position. He later took advantage of disputes within the Seleucid royal family, gaining political concessions and eventually becoming high priest and ruler in Judea. His leadership lasted until his capture and killing in 143 BC.

The other options were also members of the same family. Eleazar Avaran and John Gaddi were brothers who died during the revolt, while Simon Thassi was another brother who succeeded Jonathan and consolidated Hasmonean power. Thus Jonathan is the immediate successor to Judas, not the final successor of the entire movement.