Which bacterium is famous for surviving intense radiation and extreme dehydration?

Deinococcus radiodurans is famous for surviving intense radiation and extreme dehydration.

D. radiodurans is a red-pigmented bacterium commonly described as one of the most radiation-resistant organisms known. Its name combines Greek roots associated with terror, berry, and radiation resistance. The organism can repair extensive DNA damage, including multiple chromosome breaks, using highly effective repair systems and protected copies of its genetic material.

It was discovered in 1956 by Arthur W. Anderson during experiments testing whether gamma radiation could sterilize canned food. A contaminated can still contained viable bacteria after irradiation, leading to the organism’s identification. Its resistance is not simply because its DNA is indestructible; protection of proteins from oxidative damage is also important.

Thermus aquaticus is famous for heat-stable DNA polymerase, while Bacillus anthracis causes anthrax. D. radiodurans is not known as a major human pathogen. Researchers study it for DNA repair, biotechnology, and possible strategies for protecting biological material in harsh environments.