Which author created the detective Sherlock Holmes?

The author who created the detective Sherlock Holmes was Arthur Conan Doyle.

Doyle was a Scottish physician and writer whose medical training influenced his approach to observation and deduction. Holmes first appeared in the novel A Study in Scarlet, published in 1887, with Dr. John Watson serving as narrator and companion. Doyle partly modelled Holmes’s reasoning methods on Joseph Bell, a surgeon and one of Doyle’s teachers at the University of Edinburgh.

The character became internationally famous through short stories published in The Strand Magazine, beginning with “A Scandal in Bohemia” in 1891. Doyle’s Holmes canon consists of four novels and 56 short stories. Holmes is usually described as a consulting detective who uses close observation, logic, forensic clues, and scientific knowledge to solve cases.

A common mix-up is Edgar Allan Poe, who created C. Auguste Dupin, an important earlier fictional detective. Agatha Christie later created Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple, while Charles Dickens wrote works such as Oliver Twist and Great Expectations. Doyle briefly killed Holmes off in 1893, but public demand helped bring him back.