Which astronomer identified Comet Swift–Tuttle as the source of the Perseid meteor shower in 1865?

Giovanni Schiaparelli identified Comet Swift–Tuttle as the source of the Perseid meteor shower in 1865.

Schiaparelli's work helped establish a major idea in planetary science: meteor showers can be produced by streams of debris left behind by comets. He made the Perseid connection after Comet Swift–Tuttle passed perihelion in 1862 and astronomers compared the comet's orbit with the path of the Perseid meteoroids.

This discovery changed the interpretation of shooting stars. Meteors were once often treated as atmospheric phenomena, but the matching orbital paths showed that a comet could supply the particles that Earth encounters each year. As those particles enter the atmosphere, they create the bright streaks commonly called shooting stars.

Schiaparelli's name is sometimes confused with the comet's discoverers. Lewis Swift first observed the comet on July 16, 1862, and Horace Parnell Tuttle independently observed it three days later. Their discovery and Schiaparelli's later identification were different milestones.