Which art movement was launched by Marinetti's 1909 manifesto?

The art movement launched by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti’s 1909 manifesto was Futurism.

Marinetti, an Italian poet, wrote the Manifesto of Futurism in late 1908. It first appeared in Italian newspapers in February 1909 and gained international attention when a French version was published in Le Figaro on February 20. The manifesto called for a break with artistic and cultural traditions and celebrated speed, machinery, youth, industry, and the energy of modern cities.

Futurism quickly expanded beyond poetry. Painters such as Umberto Boccioni, Carlo Carrà, and Giacomo Balla tried to represent movement, simultaneity, and technological dynamism through fragmented forms and repeated lines. Futurist ideas also influenced sculpture, architecture, music, theater, typography, and graphic design.

A common mix-up is confusing Futurism with Vorticism, a related British movement that emerged later and shared an interest in angular modernity. Dada developed during World War I and emphasized anti-art and absurdity, while Constructivism developed in revolutionary Russia. The 1909 manifesto specifically founded Futurism.