Which architect designed the Bank of England in a neoclassical style?

Sir John Soane designed the Bank of England in a neoclassical style.

Soane became the Bank of England’s architect and surveyor in 1788 and spent roughly 45 years expanding and rebuilding its Threadneedle Street complex. His design used classical forms—pilasters, domes, courtyards, and austere wall surfaces—but arranged them in a highly original way suited to a modern financial institution.

Security and practicality shaped the architecture. Soane enclosed much of the site with a largely windowless outer wall, while carefully lit interiors, stock offices, halls, and courts created a sequence of spaces within the fortress-like perimeter. His restrained treatment of classical detail helped make the building one of the defining works of British Neoclassicism.

A common oversimplification is saying Soane designed the entire Bank from scratch. George Sampson designed the first purpose-built bank on the Threadneedle Street site, and Sir Robert Taylor later extended it. Soane transformed and greatly enlarged the complex. His building was largely demolished during rebuilding between 1925 and 1939, although parts of his outer wall survive.