Which ancient Greek temple inspired many neoclassical buildings?

The ancient Greek temple that inspired many Neoclassical buildings is the Parthenon.

Built in Athens in the 5th century BCE, the Parthenon was dedicated to Athena, the city’s patron goddess. Its Doric exterior, monumental colonnade, symmetrical proportions, and sculptural program made it one of the most admired surviving examples of ancient Greek architecture.

Neoclassical architects looked to Greek and Roman antiquity as models of order, clarity, restraint, and civic grandeur. The Parthenon became particularly influential as archaeology and travel writing made Greek architecture better known in 18th- and 19th-century Europe and the United States.

The Parthenon is not the same building as Rome’s Pantheon, which is a later Roman temple with a famous domed interior. The Greek temple is also associated with the Greek Revival, a closely related architectural movement that used its columned façades for museums, government buildings, banks, and homes.