Hesiod first recorded the story of Pandora and her container in surviving ancient Greek literature.
The myth appears in two works attributed to Hesiod: Theogony and Works and Days. Theogony discusses Pandora in the context of Zeus’s conflict with Prometheus, while Works and Days gives a fuller account of her creation, marriage, and opening of the container.
Hesiod was an archaic Greek poet generally dated to around the late eighth or early seventh century BCE. His poems are among the earliest surviving Greek works after Homer and are important sources for Greek mythology.
The story may have circulated orally before Hesiod wrote it down, so “first recorded” means the earliest surviving literary account, not necessarily the moment the tale was invented. Homer is a common wrong answer because he is another foundational Greek poet, but the surviving Pandora narrative is associated with Hesiod.