Hesiod first recorded Pandora’s creation and the opening of her jar in surviving ancient Greek literature.
Hesiod was a Greek poet generally dated to the late eighth or early seventh century BCE. His Theogony describes Pandora’s creation in the context of Zeus’s conflict with Prometheus, while Works and Days gives a fuller account of the jar and the troubles released into the human world.
Hesiod’s works are the earliest surviving literary sources for the complete Pandora narrative. They are not modern prose stories: they are didactic and mythological poems concerned with gods, justice, work, agriculture, and the human condition.
The wording “first recorded” means first preserved in surviving written literature, not necessarily the moment the story was invented. Myths circulated orally before being written down, and lost works may once have contained related versions. Homer is a tempting answer because he is another major early Greek poet, but Pandora is not central to the surviving Homeric epics.