Which ancient civilization built the city of Angkor, centered on Angkor Wat?

The Khmer Empire built Angkor, the vast Cambodian urban and temple complex centered on Angkor Wat. The empire dominated much of mainland Southeast Asia from the ninth century until the fifteenth century, with its political heart at Angkor.

Angkor Wat was constructed in the early twelfth century under King Suryavarman II. It was originally dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu and later became a Buddhist temple. The wider Angkor complex included reservoirs, canals, roads, temples, and densely settled areas supported by a large hydraulic system. Angkor Thom, founded by Jayavarman VII, became another major royal centre.

Angkor’s decline was gradual rather than the result of one simple catastrophe. Political change, shifting trade routes, environmental pressures, and changes in water management all contributed to the region’s transformation. The Khmer Empire’s architectural legacy remains especially visible in Cambodia, whose national flag features Angkor Wat. “Angkor” describes the broader urban region, while Angkor Wat is its most famous temple.