Which American architectural firm designed the Gamble House in Pasadena, California?

The American architectural firm Greene and Greene designed the Gamble House in Pasadena, California.

The firm was founded by brothers Charles Sumner Greene and Henry Mather Greene, who became leading figures in California’s Arts and Crafts movement. They designed the house in 1907 for David and Mary Gamble as a winter residence, and construction was completed in 1909. David Gamble was the son of Procter & Gamble co-founder James Gamble.

The Gamble House is celebrated as an “ultimate bungalow,” a highly customized form of American Craftsman architecture. Greene and Greene designed not only the structure but also much of its furniture, lighting, woodwork, art glass, and other interior details. Japanese aesthetic influences appear in the joinery, roof forms, materials, and close relationship between house and garden.

The house is unusually well preserved, retaining much of its original design and furnishings. The Gamble family transferred it to the city of Pasadena and the University of Southern California in 1966. It became a National Historic Landmark in 1977 and also gained pop-culture fame as Doc Brown’s house in Back to the Future.