Which airline introduced the first widely recognized modern frequent-flyer program, AAdvantage?

American Airlines introduced AAdvantage, the first widely recognized modern frequent-flyer program, in 1981.

AAdvantage allowed American Airlines passengers to earn mileage credits and redeem them for travel rewards. Its launch helped define the structure of airline loyalty programs used by major carriers today. The program was created shortly after airline deregulation in the United States, when carriers were seeking new ways to attract and retain customers.

Texas International Airlines had already introduced an earlier mileage-based frequent-flyer scheme in 1979, so American Airlines was not first in the broad historical sense. AAdvantage is often described as the first major or modern program because of its scale, visibility, and influence on the airline industry.

The program’s name combines the airline’s name with the word “advantage.” It later expanded to include partner airlines, hotels, car-rental companies, and other earning opportunities. The question asks for the airline behind AAdvantage, not the program’s name.