Which agreement replaced NAFTA in trade relations among Canada, Mexico and the United States?

The United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement replaced NAFTA in trade relations among Canada, Mexico and the United States.

USMCA entered into force on July 1, 2020, replacing the North American Free Trade Agreement, which had governed the three countries’ trade since 1994. The agreement preserved much of NAFTA’s tariff-free structure while changing rules in areas such as automobiles, digital trade, labor and dispute settlement.

The vehicle rules received particular attention. USMCA increased regional-content requirements and included labor-value provisions intended to encourage more automotive production in North America. It also added a dedicated chapter on digital trade, reflecting economic activity that was less prominent when NAFTA was negotiated.

In Canada, the agreement is commonly called CUSMA, while Mexico uses T-MEC. These names refer to the same treaty. USMCA is therefore the usual English answer, not NAFTA, which is the agreement it replaced.