Which 2020 crash caused the Dow to enter a bear market during the COVID-19 pandemic?

The COVID-19 market crash was the 2020 global stock-market collapse caused by the economic shock of the COVID-19 pandemic.

As infections spread internationally in February and March 2020, investors reacted to lockdowns, travel restrictions, supply disruptions, and uncertainty about corporate earnings. The Dow Jones Industrial Average entered a bear market on March 11, 2020, after falling more than 20% from its February record close.

U.S. trading was halted several times by circuit breakers during the fastest part of the decline. On March 16, the Dow fell 2,997 points, or 12.9%, then its largest one-day point and percentage loss since 1987.

Markets recovered unusually quickly after governments and central banks introduced large fiscal and monetary measures. The crash was therefore sharp but shorter than many earlier prolonged bear markets.