Which 1960 earthquake in Chile is the strongest instrumentally recorded earthquake in history?

The 1960 Valdivia earthquake in Chile is the strongest instrumentally recorded earthquake in history.

It struck southern Chile on 22 May 1960 and had a moment magnitude of 9.5. The earthquake resulted from the subduction of the Nazca Plate beneath the South American Plate, rupturing a section of the boundary for roughly 1,000 kilometres. Severe shaking and ground deformation affected a wide area.

The event generated a Pacific-wide tsunami. Waves reached Chile, Hawaii, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand, and other coastal locations, so its effects extended far beyond the epicenter near Valdivia. The disaster killed thousands, although estimates vary, and displaced many more. The earthquake also caused major landslides and altered parts of the Chilean coastline, illustrating how megathrust earthquakes can combine shaking, subsidence, and tsunami hazards.