Which 1943 report was written by Rudolf Vrba and Alfred Wetzler after escaping Auschwitz?

The Vrba–Wetzler report was written by Rudolf Vrba and Alfred Wetzler after their 1944 escape from Auschwitz.

Vrba and Wetzler escaped from Auschwitz-Birkenau on 7 April 1944. They hid beneath a pile of wood near the camp’s outer perimeter and reached Slovak territory after several days. Once safe, they dictated a detailed account of the camp to representatives of the Slovak Jewish Council.

Their report described the layout of Auschwitz, the use of gas chambers, deportation procedures, and the mass murder of Jews. It was completed in April 1944 and circulated under several forms, including the Auschwitz Protocols. Copies eventually reached Allied governments, the Vatican, and newspapers.

The report became especially important during the deportation of Hungarian Jews in May and June 1944. Its publication helped intensify international pressure on the Hungarian regent Miklós Horthy, who halted the deportations from Budapest in July. The report is sometimes confused with the Wannsee Protocol, which recorded a Nazi administrative meeting rather than an escape testimony.