Which 1930 United States law sharply raised tariffs on thousands of imported goods?

The Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act sharply raised United States tariffs on thousands of imported goods in 1930.

President Herbert Hoover signed the act on 17 June 1930. It raised US tariff rates on many agricultural and manufactured products during the early stages of the Great Depression. The law was sponsored by Senator Reed Smoot of Utah and Representative Willis Hawley of Oregon, whose names became attached to it.

Other countries responded with tariffs and trade restrictions of their own. Historians debate how much the act worsened the Depression, but it is widely associated with a contraction in international trade and the growth of protectionist policies during the 1930s.

The act is distinct from the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1934, which gave the US president authority to negotiate tariff reductions. That later policy marked a shift toward trade liberalization.