Which 1777 American Revolutionary War campaign ended with General John Burgoyne's surrender?

The Saratoga campaign was the 1777 American Revolutionary War campaign that ended with General John Burgoyne’s surrender.

Britain planned the campaign to seize the strategically important Hudson River valley and divide the rebellious colonies. Burgoyne led the main British force south from Quebec through Lake Champlain and toward Albany, while other British movements were intended to support the advance.

The plan broke down as American resistance grew. The Battle of Bennington weakened Burgoyne’s forces, and the Battles of Saratoga in September and October further damaged his position. On October 17, 1777, Burgoyne surrendered his army to American general Horatio Gates.

The victory was important beyond the battlefield. It strengthened American morale and helped persuade France to openly ally with the United States in 1778. The campaign is sometimes loosely called the Battle of Saratoga, but Saratoga actually refers to a sequence of operations and two major battles rather than one isolated engagement.