What water-lifting device did Leonardo da Vinci adapt from ancient designs for raising water?

Leonardo da Vinci adapted Archimedes' screw as a water-lifting device for raising water.

An Archimedes' screw consists of a helical surface inside a tube or around a cylinder. When the screw rotates, pockets of water move upward along the spiral. The device can lift water for irrigation, drainage, fountains, and other engineering tasks.

The principle predates Leonardo by many centuries and is traditionally associated with Archimedes of Syracuse. Leonardo studied and drew screw-based water machines as part of his extensive investigations into hydraulics. His contribution was not the invention of the ancient principle, but the examination and development of mechanisms that could apply it.

This device is easy to confuse with Leonardo's aerial screw. The aerial screw was a proposed flying machine; Archimedes' screw is a water pump. Their shared spiral form does not mean they performed the same function.