What was the name of the U.S. bank panic that began in October 1907?

The U.S. bank panic that began in October 1907 was the Panic of 1907.

The crisis started after a failed attempt to corner the shares of United Copper Company triggered runs on the Knickerbocker Trust Company and other financial institutions. Because the United States lacked a modern central bank, private bankers and clearing houses had to coordinate emergency support.

Financier J. P. Morgan helped organize a rescue for solvent institutions and persuaded banks to keep lending. The panic eventually encouraged political support for monetary reform, leading to the creation of the Federal Reserve System in 1913.

The Panic of 1907 is sometimes confused with the earlier Panic of 1893, which also caused severe bank failures and unemployment. Unlike the 1929 crash, the 1907 crisis was principally a banking and credit panic rather than a single dramatic stock-market day.