The revolutionary government that replaced the National Convention in 1795 was the Directory.
The Directory began under the Constitution of the Year III, after the fall of Maximilien Robespierre and the end of the Reign of Terror. It officially took power on 3 November 1795, replacing the National Convention with a more conservative republican system designed to prevent one faction or individual from dominating the state.
Its executive branch consisted of five directors, while legislative power was divided between two chambers: the Council of Five Hundred and the Council of Ancients. This arrangement was intended to provide checks and balances, but it produced unstable politics, frequent coups, financial crises, and dependence on the army.
The Directory continued France’s revolutionary wars and achieved important military victories, including those associated with Napoleon Bonaparte. Its weakness culminated in the Coup of 18 Brumaire on 9 November 1799. Napoleon then replaced it with the Consulate, making “The Consulate” a later government, not the one established in 1795.