The resolution adopted on July 2, 1776, before America250's commemorated Declaration was the Lee Resolution.
Introduced by Virginia delegate Richard Henry Lee, the resolution stated that the United Colonies should be free and independent states. The Second Continental Congress approved it on July 2, two days before adopting the Declaration of Independence.
The resolution and the Declaration had different functions. The Lee Resolution made the formal decision to separate from Great Britain. The Declaration then explained the decision, listed grievances against the king, and presented the colonies' case to the wider world.
John Adams believed July 2 would become the great national anniversary because it was the date of the independence vote. Instead, the public celebration settled on July 4, the date Congress approved the Declaration's final text. This is why July 2 is historically crucial even though July 4 remains the familiar holiday.