What was the name of the rapid 2010 U.S. market collapse and rebound?

The rapid 2010 U.S. market collapse and rebound was called the Flash Crash.

On May 6, 2010, major U.S. equity indexes plunged within minutes before recovering much of the loss. The Dow Jones Industrial Average briefly fell almost 1,000 points, at that time its largest intraday point decline. Many individual securities also traded at bizarrely low or high prices during the turmoil.

Investigations concluded that high-frequency trading, automated orders, market fragmentation, and a large sell order interacted in a stressed market. The event was not simply a conventional panic in which every investor independently decided to sell. Trading rules and liquidity conditions helped determine how quickly the move spread.

The Flash Crash led U.S. regulators and exchanges to introduce measures such as single-stock circuit breakers and market-wide safeguards. It is distinct from the 1987 Black Monday crash: both involved automated trading concerns, but the 2010 event unfolded and largely reversed within a single afternoon.