What was the name of the May 9, 1873 stock-market panic that began in Vienna?

The May 9, 1873 stock-market panic that began in Vienna was called Black Friday.

The Vienna Stock Exchange had experienced a speculative boom, particularly in railway and property companies. When confidence broke on May 9, share prices collapsed, and the panic spread through financial markets in Austria-Hungary and beyond. The event became known as Gründerkrach, or “founders’ crash,” in German-speaking Europe.

The crisis was not limited to Vienna. Bank failures and falling asset prices helped produce a long international downturn commonly called the Long Depression. In the United States, the failure of the banking firm Jay Cooke & Company in September 1873 intensified the panic and contributed to the closure of the New York Stock Exchange for several days.

Black Friday here is different from the later U.S. gold-market panic of September 24, 1869, which also received that nickname. It also predates the famous Black Monday crashes of 1929 and 1987.