What was the name of the first Soviet intercontinental ballistic missile?

The first Soviet intercontinental ballistic missile was the R-7 Semyorka. Developed under chief designer Sergei Korolev during the Cold War, it was the world’s first true ICBM, capable of carrying a nuclear warhead across intercontinental distances.

The R-7’s first successful launch took place in 1957, the same year its design was adapted to launch Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite. Its enormous central core and four detachable boosters were powered by liquid-fuel engines. Although technically groundbreaking, the missile was difficult to keep ready because it required lengthy preparation and liquid oxygen that gradually boiled away.

The R-7 entered limited operational service in the late 1950s, but it was soon surpassed in military practicality by missiles such as the R-16. Its greatest legacy was as a space launcher: derivatives of the R-7 family launched Sputnik, Luna, Vostok, Voskhod, Molniya, and later Soyuz spacecraft. SS-18, SS-24, and SS-25 were later Soviet ICBMs, so they cannot be the answer to a question asking for the first one.