The elite French infantry unit that fought at the Battle of Puebla in 1862 was the Zouaves.
Zouaves were light-infantry units originally associated with soldiers from North Africa and later reproduced in several armies. French Zouaves became known for distinctive uniforms, mobility, and a reputation as highly capable assault troops.
At Puebla, French forces attacked Mexican positions defended around the hills and forts south and east of the city. Despite the experience of the French expeditionary force, Mexican troops repelled repeated attacks and forced the invaders to withdraw.
The presence of the Zouaves helps explain why the Mexican victory was considered significant. Mexico’s defenders defeated a French army that had been regarded as one of Europe’s strongest, although the result did not end the wider intervention.