The 24 October 1929 New York stock-market panic, the first major crash day that month, was called Black Thursday.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average opened sharply lower, and a record volume of shares changed hands as investors rushed to sell. A group of prominent bankers later bought heavily selected stocks, temporarily stabilizing prices and helping limit the decline by the market’s close.
That intervention did not solve the underlying problems. Selling returned the following week, including Black Monday on 28 October and Black Tuesday on 29 October. These sessions together form the central episode commonly called the Wall Street Crash of 1929.
Black Thursday is sometimes confused with Black Tuesday, the later session that recorded a larger percentage decline. The 1929 crash also had international consequences, although the Great Depression resulted from a wider combination of financial and economic forces.