What was the name of the 2010 European debt crisis that caused severe stock-market volatility?

The 2010 European debt crisis that caused severe stock-market volatility was the European sovereign debt crisis.

The crisis centered on concerns about the ability of several euro-area governments to finance or repay their public debts. Greece became the most prominent case after revelations about the scale of its fiscal deficit, while Ireland, Portugal, Spain, and Cyprus also faced serious financial pressure in different forms.

Investors demanded higher interest rates from vulnerable governments, increasing borrowing costs and worsening concerns about debt sustainability. European institutions and the International Monetary Fund arranged financial assistance programs, while governments adopted austerity and restructuring measures.

The crisis was not simply a stock-market crash. It was a sovereign-debt and banking crisis that produced major swings in shares, government bonds, and the euro. It also exposed the difficulty of sharing a currency without a fully unified fiscal and banking framework.