What was the name of the 1929 crash day when the Dow Jones fell nearly 13%?

The 1929 crash day when the Dow Jones fell nearly 13% was Black Monday, October 28, 1929.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average declined 38.33 points, a fall of about 12.8%, as heavy selling overwhelmed the New York Stock Exchange. The next day, October 29, brought another severe collapse and became known as Black Tuesday. Together, the two sessions intensified the public shock surrounding the Wall Street Crash.

The crash followed a period of heavily speculative buying during the 1920s. Many investors purchased shares with borrowed money, so falling prices created urgent margin calls. Selling pressure then fed on itself. The crash did not single-handedly cause the Great Depression, but it became one of the era’s defining financial events and worsened economic confidence.

Black Monday in 1929 is distinct from Black Monday in 1987. Both names refer to major market declines, but the earlier event occurred during the Wall Street Crash and the later one was a separate worldwide crisis.