What was the name of Rome’s earliest written law code, created around 450 BCE?

Rome’s earliest written law code, created around 450 BCE, was called the Twelve Tables.

The laws were traditionally produced after plebeians demanded that legal rules be made public rather than controlled exclusively by patrician magistrates and priests. A commission, traditionally described as the decemviri, compiled the rules and displayed them publicly on twelve bronze tablets.

The original tablets have not survived, so modern knowledge comes from later Roman quotations and references. The Twelve Tables covered issues including debt, property, family authority, inheritance, court procedure, and funerals. They were not a complete legal system, but later Romans treated them as a foundational source of Roman law.