Leonardo da Vinci's mechanical humanoid design, reconstructed for a 2002 exhibition, is known as Leonardo's robot.
Leonardo sketched the humanoid machine in 1495 while working in Milan. It was built around a suit of armor and included a system of cables, pulleys, and gears. The mechanism could produce humanlike movements such as sitting, standing, and moving its arms when operated by an external crank.
The drawing is connected with Leonardo's study of mechanical anatomy and with court entertainments. It is not evidence that he built a programmable electronic robot; electronics did not exist in Renaissance engineering. The modern term robot is used because the machine was a mechanical automaton with a human form.
In 2002, roboticist Mark Rosheim constructed a physical interpretation of the design. The reconstruction helped demonstrate how Leonardo's internal mechanism might have worked, while also showing that the surviving sketch leaves room for engineering interpretation.