What was the first probe to land on Venus?

The first probe to land successfully on Venus was Venera 7.

The Soviet Venera 7 spacecraft reached Venus on December 15, 1970. Its lander became the first spacecraft to complete a successful soft landing on another planet and the first to transmit scientific data from another planet’s surface.

Although the lander struck the surface at a higher speed than planned after its parachute failed, it survived and continued transmitting weak signals. The mission returned measurements of Venus’s extremely high surface temperature and atmospheric pressure.

Venera 9 arrived later, in 1975. It was the first spacecraft to return television images from the surface of another planet, but it was not the first probe to land successfully on Venus.