What was the document called that formally recorded Japan's surrender to the Allied powers?

The document that formally recorded Japan’s surrender to the Allied powers was the Japanese Instrument of Surrender.

It was signed on September 2, 1945, aboard USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay. The document stated that Japan accepted the provisions of the Potsdam Declaration and ordered the Japanese armed forces to cease hostilities and surrender. It therefore served as the legal instrument that ended the war with Japan.

Mamoru Shigemitsu signed for the Japanese government, and General Yoshijirō Umezu signed for Imperial General Headquarters. General Douglas MacArthur signed for the Allied powers, followed by representatives of the United States and eight other Allied nations.

The Instrument of Surrender is not the same as the Potsdam Declaration. The declaration was an ultimatum issued before Japan’s surrender, while the instrument was the signed capitulation document. It is also separate from the Treaty of San Francisco, which formally ended the state of war between Japan and many Allied countries in 1952.