The 1873 financial panic connected with the Vienna Stock Exchange is called the Panic of 1873.
The Vienna Stock Exchange crash began on May 9, 1873, a day remembered in Austria as Black Friday. A speculative boom had been encouraged by rapid industrial growth, easy credit, and optimism following the 1871 creation of the German Empire. When confidence broke, share prices collapsed and failures spread through financial markets.
The panic crossed borders. In the United States, the failure of the investment bank Jay Cooke & Company in September 1873 helped trigger a major market crisis, and the New York Stock Exchange temporarily closed. The resulting prolonged downturn is often called the Long Depression, although historians debate its exact boundaries and severity.
The Panic of 1873 is therefore not identical to the Vienna crash itself. Vienna provided an early shock, while the American banking failure helped transmit the crisis across the Atlantic. Railroads, banks, and industrial companies were especially affected.