What was the 1873 financial crash that helped begin a long global depression called?

The 1873 financial crash that helped begin a long global depression was called the Panic of 1873.

The panic began in Europe and the United States amid speculative railway investment, excessive credit, and failures in the banking and railway sectors. In the United States, the failure of Jay Cooke & Company in September 1873 helped trigger a rush to sell securities and forced the New York Stock Exchange to close temporarily.

The resulting downturn was followed by years of weak growth, falling prices, business failures, and high unemployment in several countries. Historians debate the exact boundaries and causes of the later depression, but the crash clearly marked a major break from the earlier boom.

The event is sometimes known as the Long Depression's starting point, although the term “Great Depression” was later associated primarily with the 1930s. The 1873 crisis was also connected to financial disruptions in Austria and Germany.