What villa in Arcetri was Galileo's final residence?

Galileo’s final residence was Villa Il Gioiello, a rented villa in Arcetri near Florence.

Galileo moved into the villa in 1631, near the convent of San Matteo where his daughters Maria Celeste and Arcangela lived. The name Il Gioiello, meaning “The Jewel,” referred to the property’s favorable position in the Arcetri hills. It became closely associated with the final decade of his life.

After his 1633 trial, Galileo was placed under house arrest. He was permitted to return to Il Gioiello in late 1633, and he remained there until his death in 1642. Even after becoming blind in 1638, he continued scientific work, assisted by younger scholars including Vincenzo Viviani and Evangelista Torricelli.

The villa is sometimes called Villa Galileo, which can cause confusion with other Galileo residences in Florence. It was not merely a temporary lodging: Arcetri was where Galileo completed much of his late work, including the studies later published as Two New Sciences.