What type of machine did Leonardo da Vinci sketch to pump water using a rotating screw?

Leonardo da Vinci sketched an Archimedes’ screw as a machine for pumping water with a rotating screw.

An Archimedes’ screw consists of a helical surface inside or around a cylinder. As the screw turns, pockets of water move upward along the helix. Leonardo studied this ancient device and drew versions of it in his engineering notebooks, including arrangements suitable for lifting water.

The machine is named after Archimedes, who is traditionally credited with its invention, so it is not properly called Leonardo’s invention. Leonardo’s importance lies in his detailed study and adaptation of hydraulic machinery. It is also different from a modern centrifugal pump, which uses a rotating impeller to accelerate water outward.